Glossary - Guilin Huayi Peakmeter Technology Co.,Ltd

Term	Explanation
General & Basic Terms
Multimeter	A test instrument used to measure multiple electrical quantities, typically voltage, current, and resistance.
Digital Multimeter (DMM)	A multimeter that displays measured electrical values digitally and often includes functions such as continuity, capacitance, and frequency testing.
Analog Multimeter	A multimeter that uses a moving needle and graduated scale to indicate measured electrical values.
Accuracy	The closeness of a measured value to the true or reference value, usually specified as a percentage plus counts or digits.
Resolution	The smallest change in a measured quantity that an instrument can display or distinguish.
Auto-ranging	A function that automatically selects the most suitable measurement range for the detected signal.
Manual-ranging	A measurement mode in which the user selects the desired range instead of letting the instrument choose automatically.
True RMS	A measurement method that calculates the effective value of AC signals accurately, including distorted or non-sinusoidal waveforms within the meter's limits.
RMS	Root mean square; the effective value of an AC voltage or current that produces the same heating effect as an equivalent DC value.
Calibration	The process of comparing an instrument with a known reference and adjusting or documenting its measurement performance.
Data Hold	A function that freezes the current reading on the display so it can be viewed after the probes are removed.
Max/Min Recording	A function that records and displays the highest and lowest values measured during a test period.
Relative Mode	A function that uses a stored reading as a reference and displays the difference between new measurements and that reference.
Overload Protection	Circuit protection designed to help prevent instrument damage when the input exceeds the rated measurement limit.
CAT Rating	A measurement category rating, such as CAT II, CAT III, or CAT IV, that indicates the transient overvoltage environment for which a test instrument is designed.
Probe	A conductive test accessory used to contact a circuit or component and carry the measurement signal to the instrument.
Test Leads	Insulated wires with probes or clips that connect a test instrument to the circuit or component being measured.
Backlight	Display illumination that improves readability in dark or low-light conditions.
Auto Power Off	A power-saving feature that automatically turns the instrument off after a period of inactivity.
Battery Indicator	A display symbol or status function that shows the remaining battery condition of the instrument.
Bluetooth Multimeter	A multimeter with Bluetooth connectivity for transferring readings to a phone, tablet, or other compatible device.
Smart Multimeter	A digital multimeter with automatic function recognition, connectivity, data logging, or other advanced measurement features.
IP Rating	An Ingress Protection rating that indicates the enclosure's resistance to solid objects and water, such as IP54 or IP67.
Safety Standard	A published set of technical requirements intended to ensure safe design, construction, and use of electrical equipment or test instruments.
Full Scale	The maximum value that can be indicated or measured on a selected instrument range.
Date Storage	A feature for saving measurement readings in instrument memory for later review; this term is commonly written as 'Data Storage'.
Electrical Safety Testers
Insulation Resistance	The resistance offered by insulating material to current leakage, commonly measured in megohms or gigohms.
Insulation Tester	An instrument that applies a specified DC test voltage and measures insulation resistance in cables, motors, appliances, or installations.
Megger	A commonly used name for an insulation resistance tester; the term originates from the Megger brand and is often used generically.
Earth Resistance	The resistance between an earthing system and the surrounding soil or reference earth.
Earth Tester	An instrument used to measure earth electrode resistance, grounding system performance, or related ground parameters.
Grounding	The intentional connection of exposed conductive parts or electrical systems to earth for safety, reference, or fault-current control.
Ground Bond Test	A high-current, low-resistance test used to verify the integrity of the protective earth connection in electrical equipment.
Phase Sequence	The order in which the phase voltages of a multiphase AC system reach their positive peaks.
Phase Rotation Indicator	A tester used to identify the phase sequence or rotational order of a three-phase electrical supply.
Voltage Detector	A device used to determine whether electrical voltage is present at a conductor, outlet, or circuit point.
NCV (Non-Contact Voltage)	A function that detects the presence of AC voltage through an electric field without direct metal-to-metal contact.
Socket Tester	A plug-in tester that checks common outlet wiring conditions and, on some models, protective-device operation.
RCD Tester	An instrument that tests residual current devices by applying controlled leakage current and measuring trip time or trip current.
Hipot Tester	A high-potential tester that applies a high voltage to verify dielectric strength and electrical insulation safety.
Leakage Current Tester	An instrument used to measure small unintended currents flowing from live circuits through insulation, ground, or accessible parts.
Polarization Index (PI)	A diagnostic ratio of insulation resistance measured at a later time to an earlier time, commonly used to assess insulation condition.
Dielectric Absorption Ratio (DAR)	A ratio of insulation resistance readings taken at two different times to evaluate dielectric absorption and insulation quality.
Test Voltage	The specified voltage applied to a device or circuit during a test procedure.
Short Circuit	An unintended or deliberate very low-resistance connection between points of different potential that can cause excessive current.
High Voltage	A voltage level high enough to require special insulation, protection, or safety precautions; the exact threshold depends on the applicable standard.
Low Voltage	A lower electrical voltage classification whose exact limits depend on the applicable standard, installation type, and jurisdiction.
Continuity	The condition in which an electrically conductive path exists between two points with sufficiently low resistance.
Loop Resistance	The total resistance of a complete current path or loop, often measured to evaluate protective conductors, grounding paths, or high-current connections.
Cable Tester	An instrument used to check cable continuity, wiring order, faults, insulation, or other cable characteristics depending on the tester type.
Battery Tester	An instrument used to assess battery voltage, internal resistance, state of charge, capacity, conductance, or starting performance depending on the model.
Transistor Tester	An instrument used to identify transistor type, pin configuration, gain, junction condition, or related semiconductor parameters.
Measurement Tools
Measurement Tool	A device or instrument used to quantify a physical, electrical, mechanical, or environmental property.
Laser Distance Meter	A handheld instrument that uses a laser to measure distance by analyzing the reflected signal.
Laser Level	A leveling instrument that projects a laser line or point to establish horizontal, vertical, or alignment references.
Tachometer	An instrument used to measure rotational speed, typically in revolutions per minute (RPM).
Wood Moisture Meter	An instrument designed to estimate the moisture content of wood using pin-type, pinless, or other sensing methods.
Moisture Meter	An instrument used to estimate moisture content in materials such as wood, building materials, grain, or soil, depending on the model.
LCR Meter	An instrument used to measure inductance (L), capacitance (C), and resistance (R), often at selectable test frequencies.
Transistor Tester	An instrument used to identify transistor type, pin configuration, gain, junction condition, or related semiconductor parameters.
Component Tester	An instrument used to identify and evaluate electronic components such as resistors, capacitors, diodes, transistors, and related devices.
Socket Tester	A plug-in tester that checks common outlet wiring conditions and, on some models, protective-device operation.
Cable Tester	An instrument used to check cable continuity, wiring order, faults, insulation, or other cable characteristics depending on the tester type.
Wire Tracker	A transmitter-and-receiver tool used to trace wires or cables through bundles, walls, or installations.
Network Cable Tester	An instrument used to verify network cable continuity, pair order, opens, shorts, split pairs, or performance depending on the model.
Battery Tester	An instrument used to assess battery voltage, internal resistance, state of charge, capacity, conductance, or starting performance depending on the model.
Angle Finder	A tool used to measure or transfer angles, slope, or inclination.
Digital Level	An electronic leveling tool that displays angle, slope, or level information numerically.
Stud Finder	A handheld detector used to locate framing studs or, on some models, metal, live wires, or other objects behind surfaces.
Thickness Gauge	An instrument used to measure material, coating, wall, or layer thickness using an appropriate sensing method.
Vibration Meter	An instrument used to measure vibration parameters such as acceleration, velocity, or displacement in machinery and structures.
Light Level Meter	An instrument used to measure ambient light or illuminance, typically in lux or foot-candles.
Distance Meter	An instrument used to measure the distance between two points using laser, ultrasonic, optical, or other sensing methods.
Range Finder	A device used to determine the distance from the observer to a target, commonly using laser or optical methods.
Laser Pointer	A handheld device that emits a narrow visible laser beam for pointing, alignment, or reference purposes.
Digital Multimeter Terms
Voltage	The electrical potential difference between two points, measured in volts (V).
Current	The rate of electric charge flow through a conductor, measured in amperes (A).
Resistance	The opposition to electric current flow in a material or circuit, measured in ohms (Ω).
Capacitance	The ability of a component or system to store electric charge, measured in farads (F).
Frequency	The number of repeating cycles of a periodic signal per second, measured in hertz (Hz).
Duty Cycle	The percentage of one signal period during which a pulse or waveform is in its active or high state.
Diode Test	A multimeter function that applies a small test current to a diode and displays its forward voltage drop.
Continuity Test	A test that checks whether a low-resistance electrical path exists, often indicated by an audible beep.
AC (Alternating Current)	Electric current that changes direction periodically, typically following a repeating waveform.
DC (Direct Current)	Electric current that flows in one direction with constant or slowly varying polarity.
Ohm's Law	The relationship among voltage, current, and resistance, expressed as V = I × R.
Impedance	The total opposition a circuit presents to alternating current, combining resistance and reactance.
Inductance	The property of a conductor or coil that opposes changes in current by storing energy in a magnetic field, measured in henries (H).
Temperature Measurement	The measurement of temperature using a compatible sensor, probe, thermocouple, or built-in sensing function.
Peak Value	The maximum instantaneous magnitude reached by a waveform during a measurement interval.
Average Value	The arithmetic mean of measured values or waveform samples over a defined period.
Crest Factor	The ratio of a waveform's peak value to its RMS value, used to describe how sharply peaked the waveform is.
Bandwidth	The range of signal frequencies over which an instrument can measure within its specified performance limits.
Input Impedance	The impedance presented by a measuring instrument to the circuit under test, which affects how much the instrument loads the circuit.
Burden Voltage	The voltage drop introduced by a current-measuring instrument because of its internal resistance or shunt.
Open Circuit Voltage	The voltage measured across two terminals when no load is connected and essentially no current is flowing.
Short Circuit Current	The current that flows when two points are connected by a very low-resistance path.
Fuse	A replaceable overcurrent protection device that opens the circuit when current exceeds its rated limit.
Buzzer	An audible sounder used by a test instrument to indicate conditions such as continuity, warnings, or key operation.
EVSE & New Energy
EVSE	Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment; equipment that safely supplies electrical energy from the power source to an electric vehicle for charging.
EVSE Adaptor	An adapter used to connect EV charging equipment and a vehicle when their connector formats or interfaces differ and compatibility is supported.
Type 2 EVSE	EV charging equipment using the IEC Type 2 interface, widely used for AC charging in Europe and other markets.
SAE J1772	A North American standard defining a conductive EV charging interface commonly associated with the Type 1 AC connector.
Tesla NACS	The North American Charging Standard connector system used for AC and DC fast charging on compatible electric vehicles.
Charging Station	An installation that provides one or more EV charging points, together with the necessary electrical, control, communication, and protection equipment.
Photovoltaic (PV)	Technology that converts sunlight directly into electrical energy using semiconductor solar cells.
Solar Inverter	A power-electronic device that converts DC electricity from solar panels into usable AC electricity and may also provide grid-control functions.
Grid-Tied	Describes an electrical or renewable-energy system connected to and operating in coordination with the utility grid.
Off-Grid	Describes an electrical or renewable-energy system that operates independently of the utility grid, often using batteries or local generation.
Insulation Monitoring	Continuous or periodic supervision of insulation resistance to detect deterioration or ground faults in an electrical system.
Residual Current	The difference between the currents flowing in the live conductors of a circuit, which can indicate leakage to earth or another unintended path.
Charging Time	The time required to charge an electric vehicle or battery from one state of charge to another under specified conditions.
Charging Power	The rate at which electrical energy is delivered during charging, typically expressed in kilowatts (kW).
Voltage Compatibility	The ability of equipment to operate safely and correctly with the voltage level or voltage range provided by another device or system.
CP Signal	Control Pilot signal; the EV charging control signal used to coordinate connection status, charging permission, and available current between EVSE and vehicle.
PP Signal	Proximity Pilot signal; a signal used in supported EV charging interfaces to detect connector or cable presence and convey cable-related information.
Electric Vehicle	A vehicle propelled partly or entirely by one or more electric motors using electrical energy stored or supplied onboard.
Charging Pile	A term commonly used for an EV charge point or charging unit that supplies electrical energy to an electric vehicle.
New Energy Testing	Testing of equipment and systems used in technologies such as electric vehicles, charging infrastructure, solar power, batteries, and related power electronics.
Environmental Testers
Environmental Tester	A general-purpose instrument used to measure environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, light, sound, air quality, gas concentration, or airflow.
Lux Meter	An instrument that measures illuminance, typically in lux (lx).
Sound Level Meter	An instrument that measures sound pressure level, typically expressed in decibels (dB).
Anemometer	An instrument used to measure air velocity or wind speed and, on some models, airflow volume.
Temperature & Humidity Meter	An instrument that measures ambient temperature and relative humidity, often with additional calculated comfort parameters.
Infrared Thermometer	A non-contact thermometer that estimates surface temperature from emitted infrared radiation.
Digital Probe Thermometer	A thermometer that uses a contact probe or sensor to measure temperature and displays the result digitally.
Gas Detector	An instrument used to detect or measure the presence and concentration of one or more gases.
Combustible Gas Detector	A detector used to identify flammable or combustible gases and warn when concentrations approach unsafe levels.
Toxic Gas Detector	A detector used to measure hazardous toxic gases and provide an alarm when concentrations exceed defined limits.
Illuminance	The amount of luminous flux falling on a surface per unit area, measured in lux (lx).
Decibel (dB)	A logarithmic unit used to express ratios, commonly used for sound level and signal level measurements.
Dew Point	The temperature at which air becomes saturated with water vapor and condensation begins.
Wet Bulb Temperature	The temperature indicated by a wetted, ventilated sensor and used with dry-bulb temperature to evaluate humidity and heat stress.
Relative Humidity	The amount of water vapor in air expressed as a percentage of the maximum amount the air could hold at the same temperature.
Air Quality	A description or measurement of the cleanliness and health-related condition of air based on pollutants, gases, particles, and other factors.
CO2 Detector	An instrument used to detect or measure carbon dioxide concentration in air, commonly reported in parts per million (ppm).
Light Meter	An instrument used to measure light level, usually as illuminance in lux or foot-candles.
UV Meter	An instrument used to measure ultraviolet radiation intensity or exposure in a specified UV wavelength range.
Wind Speed	The rate of air movement relative to a fixed point, commonly measured in m/s, km/h, mph, or knots.
Wind Chill	A calculated index describing how cold conditions feel on exposed skin due to the combined effects of air temperature and wind.
Heat Index	A calculated index describing how hot conditions feel based mainly on air temperature and relative humidity.
Particulate Matter (PM2.5/PM10)	Airborne particles with aerodynamic diameters generally up to 2.5 µm or 10 µm, commonly monitored as indicators of air pollution.
Formaldehyde Detector	An instrument used to detect or measure formaldehyde concentration in indoor or industrial air.
Electromagnetic Field (EMF) Meter	An instrument used to measure electric fields, magnetic fields, or electromagnetic field strength over a specified frequency range.
Clamp Meter Terms
Clamp Meter	A handheld meter that measures current by clamping around a conductor, usually without disconnecting the circuit.
AC Clamp Meter	A clamp meter designed primarily to measure alternating current through a conductor.
AC/DC Clamp Meter	A clamp meter capable of measuring both alternating current and direct current.
Flex Clamp	A flexible current-measuring probe or clamp that can wrap around large or tightly packed conductors.
Current Clamp	A clamp-type current sensor that detects current around a conductor and provides a signal to a meter or test instrument.
Inrush Current	The brief, high current drawn when electrical equipment such as motors, transformers, or power supplies is first energized.
Leakage Current	Unintended current that flows through insulation, protective conductors, ground paths, or other normally non-current-carrying paths.
Harmonics	Voltage or current components whose frequencies are integer multiples of the fundamental frequency and can distort an AC waveform.
Power Factor	The ratio of active power to apparent power in an AC circuit, indicating how effectively electrical power is being used.
Active Power	The real power that performs useful work in an AC circuit, measured in watts (W).
Reactive Power	The power exchanged with inductive or capacitive elements in an AC circuit, measured in volt-amperes reactive (var).
Apparent Power	The product of RMS voltage and RMS current in an AC circuit, measured in volt-amperes (VA).
Jaw Opening	The maximum physical opening of a clamp meter jaw and therefore a key limit on conductor size.
True RMS Clamp Meter	A clamp meter that uses true RMS measurement to accurately measure AC current on both sinusoidal and distorted waveforms within its specifications.
Flexible Current Probe	A flexible sensor, often based on a Rogowski coil, used to measure AC current around large or difficult-to-access conductors.
Rogowski Coil	An air-core flexible coil that measures alternating current by sensing the changing magnetic field around a conductor.
Current Range	The minimum-to-maximum current span an instrument can measure on a selected or available range.
Voltage Measurement	The process of measuring electrical potential difference between two points in a circuit.
Frequency Measurement	The process of measuring the repetition rate of an electrical signal in hertz.
Non-Contact Measurement	A measurement method that senses a quantity without making direct electrical or physical contact with the target.
Clamp Size	The physical dimensions or opening capacity of a clamp meter jaw or flexible clamp sensor.
Safety Jaw	An insulated clamp-jaw design intended to reduce accidental contact with live conductors and improve safe handling.